FenceCalc

Reference

Fence post spacing and post sizes

Every common fence type, its maximum span, and why the limit exists.

Spacing by fence type

Conventional maximum post spacing
Fence typeMaximumReason for the limit
wood privacy (6 ft)8 ftSix-foot privacy panels need a post every 8 ft or less; wind load on a solid fence is the limiting factor.
wood privacy (8 ft)6 ftTaller panels catch more wind, so posts go closer: 6 ft is the usual maximum.
wood picket (4 ft)8 ftAn open picket fence lets wind through, so 8 ft spacing is normal.
chain link (4 ft)10 ftChain link is light and open; posts are set by the fabric roll length, usually 10 ft.
chain link (6 ft)8 ftTaller chain link needs closer posts and heavier line posts.
vinyl privacy8 ftVinyl panels are manufactured to a fixed width, so spacing is set by the panel, not by choice.
composite privacy6 ftComposite panels are heavier than vinyl; most systems specify 6 ft.
split rail (2 rail)10 ftRails come in 10 ft lengths, so posts are set at 10 ft.
split rail (3 rail)10 ftSame as two-rail: the rail length sets the spacing.
decorative metal8 ftPrefabricated panels arrive in 6 or 8 ft sections.
electric (livestock)15 ftTemporary electric fencing uses widely spaced posts; permanent runs are closer.

Post sizes and hole dimensions

Post specification by size
PostActual widthHole diameterMinimum depthUse
4x4 (3.5 in actual)3.5 in9 in24 inLight picket and lower chain link.
4x6 (3.5 x 5.5 in)5.5 in10 in30 inRail and gate posts for a low fence.
6x6 (5.5 in actual)5.5 in12 in30 inThe standard for privacy fencing and for gate posts.
round post (4 in)4 in9 in24 inSteel or treated round posts.
round post (5 in)5 in10 in30 inHeavier round posts and corners.

Minimum depth is the shallowest that is normally acceptable; the frost line overrides it wherever frost reaches deeper.

Frost depth by region

12 inGulf coast and southern Florida: Frost is rare; 12 in is enough for most soils.
18 inMid-South and southern plains: Occasional hard freezes.
30 inMid-Atlantic and central plains: Consistent winter frost.
42 inUpper Midwest and Northeast: Deep frost; check the local code figure.
48 inNorthern plains and mountain states: The deepest frost in the contiguous states.

Planning figures only. Frost depth varies within a region and your building department publishes the number that governs.

The rule behind all of it

Post spacing is limited by how much load the post has to carry and how much the fence can flex between supports. An open fence sheds wind, so it can span further. A solid fence acts as a sail, so its posts go closer and its holes go deeper.

Post depth follows a different rule: it is about frost, not load. A shallow hole in a freezing climate will lift regardless of how much concrete is in it. If your frost depth is 42 in, your holes are 42 in deep whatever the fence type.

Locating buried services

Before any digging, have buried lines marked. In the United States the free service is 811; call or submit a request a few days before you plan to dig. Damaging a gas, water or fibre line is expensive, dangerous, and in most places your responsibility. In the UK the equivalent is a line search through your utility providers.

Corners, ends and gates

A corner post is braced in two directions and a gate post carries a moving load, so both should be set deeper and in more concrete than a line post. A common approach is one post size up and 6 in deeper for gate posts: on a 6 ft fence, that means a 6x6 set 36 in deep with a wider hole rather than a 4x4. Gates sag because their posts move, almost always within the first year.

Frequently asked questions

What is the maximum span between fence posts?
Eight feet for a 6 ft solid wood fence, 6 ft for an 8 ft or composite fence, 10 ft for chain link and split rail. Wind load on a solid fence is what sets the limit.
How deep do fence posts need to be in cold climates?
Below the frost line: 42 to 48 inches across the upper Midwest, northern plains and mountain states. A hole that stops above it will heave.
How far apart should field fence posts be?
Woven wire and field fence usually go 10 to 12 ft apart on level ground, closer on hills and dips so the wire follows the ground, with braced H-assemblies at every corner, end and gate. The bracing, not the line posts, holds the tension.
What is the standard fence post spacing?
Eight feet on centre for most residential wood fences, because rails and pickets are sold in 8 ft lengths and 8 ft is the wind-load limit for a 6 ft solid fence. Chain link and split rail run at 10 ft, and taller or heavier panels at 6 ft.
Do I need to call before digging fence post holes?
Yes. In the US, call 811 to have buried utilities marked; it is free and it is the law in most states. In the UK, request a line search from your utility providers.
Why do gate posts need to be bigger?
A gate is a moving load on a lever, so its posts take far more force than a line post. Gate posts should be a size up and set deeper, or the gate will sag.

Related tools